![]() ![]() Corral Livery and Feed Company consisted of 30 rounds and lasted for about 30 seconds. The resulting shootout in the alleyway next to the O.K. On October 26, 1881, around 3:00 PM, two marshals and a deputy, stood up to the notorious Clanton gang in the small mining town of Tombstone, Arizona, and enforced the law that the local sheriff refused/was afraid to. We chose this destination as an educational aid for the kids, because this long-forgotten dusty town holds one of the most important civic and practical political science lessons that every American citizen should learn. I cranked up the radio and to the tune of It’s another Tequilas Sunrise, headed into the burning desert sunset final destination: Tombstone. Instead of finishing at the west coast Santa Monica Pier, we opted for the southerly route and took a left-turn in Arizona. Several years ago our family decided to drive Route 66. Locke believed that personal natural rights were inalienable and came from G-d (i.e., the rights to life, liberty, and property), and were supreme to the government’s authority (which also applies to homicidal Covid-19 mandates). The argument of a contractual relationship was also supported by other leading political theorists like John Locke, who argued that when the government systematically fails to secure the individual’s natural rights, citizens can withdraw their obligation to obey the government and defend themselves. Hobbes argued that citizens are not obligated to submit to the government when its ineffective in suppressing anarchy. But this contract also has a key condition it is valid only when each party fulfills their part of the agreement. The political order that the social contract provides is a means to an end-it benefits the individuals who participate in the contract. The fundamental assertion of the social contract theory is that law and political order are not natural, but man-made. Hobbes observed that civil war and the brutal state of existence it creates ( bellum omnium contra omnes –”the war of all against all”) can only be avoided with a strong central government. Leviathan deals with the legitimacy of government and is one of the earliest treatises about the theory of social contracts. In such condition, there is no place for Industry because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no Culture of the Earth no Navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by Sea no commodious Building no Instruments of moving, and removing things as require much force no Knowledge of the face of the Earth no account of Time no Arts no Letters no Society and which is worst of all, continuall feare, and danger of violent death And the life of man solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short.” Leviathan, Chapter XIII – The Cost of War “Whatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of Warre, where every man is Enemy to every man the same is consequent to the time, wherein men live without other security, than what their own strength, and their own invention shall furnish them withall. ![]() In the final year of English Civil War (1642-1651), Thomas Hobbes wrote in his book Leviathan: ![]()
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